Principle and application UPS uninterruptible power supply is equipped with skills

UPS has two main functions in computer systems and web applications: first, emergency use to prevent sudden power outages from affecting normal work and causing damage to the computer. 2 it is to eliminate the surge, instantaneous high voltage on the mains, instantaneous low voltage, electrical, noise and frequency offset and other "power pollution", improve power quality, provides the high quality for the computer system of the power supply.

The UPS power principle

UPS in Chinese means "uninterrupted Power Supply", is the abbreviation of English "Uninterruptible Power Supply, it can protect the computer system in a Power outage continue to work after a period of time to enable users to emergency inventory, make you not affect work or loss of data due to Power outages. It has two main functions in computer systems and web applications: first, emergency use to prevent sudden power outages from affecting normal work and causing damage to the computer. 2 it is to eliminate the surge, instantaneous high voltage on the mains, instantaneous low voltage, electrical, noise and frequency offset and other "power pollution", improve power quality, provides the high quality for the computer system of the power supply.

According to the principle of basic application, UPS is a power protection device that contains the energy storage device, which is the main component of the inverter and the voltage stabilized frequency output. Mainly consists of rectifier, battery, inverter and static switch.

1) rectifier: a rectifier is a rectifier device, which is simply a device that converts AC (AC) into a DC (DC). It has two main functions: first, turn alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC), supply load after filtering, or supply inverter; Second, provide battery charging voltage. So it also ACTS as a charger;

Battery: battery is a device used by UPS to store electrical power. It is connected by several batteries, and its capacity determines the time it keeps discharging. The main function is: 1 when the market is normal, converting electrical energy into chemical energy can be stored inside the battery. When the market fails, the chemical energy can be converted into electricity to be supplied to the inverter or load.

Inverter: a device that converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC). It consists of reverse bridge, control logic and filter circuit.

4) static switch: static switch is also called the static switch, it is a kind of non-contact switch, is to use two silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) of reverse parallel a communication switch, the closing and opening controlled by logic controller. It is divided into two types: transformation and model. The switching switch is mainly used for the system of two power supply, which is the automatic switch from all the way to the other. The switch is mainly used for parallel inverter and city or multiple inverters.

Currently, the mainstream UPS vendors have APC, mountain, etc., which provide various levels of UPS to meet the needs of different user groups.

In principle, UPS is a collection of digital and analog circuits that automatically control the power electronics of the inverter and the maintenance storage device.

Functionally, UPS can effectively clean up the city's electricity when there is an anomaly in the city. You can also provide electricity to the computer and other devices for a certain amount of time when the market suddenly breaks down, allowing you to have plenty of time to deal with it.

From the purpose, with the coming of information society, widely used in UPS from information collection, transmission, processing, storage to the application of each link, as is the importance of information increases with the increasing of application importance.

What kinds of UPS?

UPS is divided into three categories: back-up, online and online.

Among them, we are the most commonly used is the UPS backup type, such as cross HO series with SD series, it has the power automatic voltage regulator, UPS for the protection of the most basic and most important function, although generally have about 10 ms conversion time, alternating current (ac) is a square wave inverter output rather than the sine wave, but because the structure is simple and has low price, high reliability advantages, therefore widely used in areas such as computer, peripherals, POS machine;

On-line UPS is complicated in structure, the performance is perfect, can solve the problem of all power, such as cross PS series, its salient features is the ability to continue to zero interrupt pure sine wave output alternating current (ac), to solve the peak, surge, etc. All of the power supply frequency drift problem; Due to the need for larger investments, it is often used in critical equipment and network centers for demanding environmental conditions;

Cross, APC and other manufacturers also provide online interactive UPS, compared with back-up type, online interactive with functions of filtering, mains interference ability is very strong, the conversion time is less than 4 ms, inverter output sine wave for simulation, so can be equipped with servers, routers and other network equipment, or use in electric power environment is bad; Especially the four-way MD series, which is well below the online format, is a better choice to recommend to users.

Why equip UPS?

According to IDC, 45% of all computer failures are caused by power problems; Blackouts in China, cities, the number of times an average of 0.5 times/month the medium-sized city is 2 times per month, small cities and towns is 4 times per month, grid problems at least nine: electricity, lightning spike and surge, mutation frequency range, the voltage, voltage fluctuations, frequency drift, voltage sags, pulse interference; Therefore, it is necessary to equip a computer with a UPS in terms of improving the quality of the power supply.

In addition, the precision of the network equipment and communication equipment are not allowed to have intermittent power, with the server as the core network center is equipped with a UPS is self-evident, even a normal computer, its use in three months the data files already exceed the value of the hardware, software, such as value so as to prevent data loss and equipped with a UPS is also very necessary.

What kind of UPS should I have?

According to the condition of the equipment, the environment of the electricity and the purpose of the power protection to achieve, it can choose the suitable UPS. Such as the small power equipment general for built-in switching power supply can choose UPS backup type, where the electricity environment is bad should choose online interactive or on-line UPS, for there is no continuous time or time requirements of sinusoidal alternating current (ac), can only choose on-line UPS.

What kind of UPS should I have?

First, make sure your device is more powerful, in general ordinary PC or industrial of power around 200 w, MAC is controlled in 300 w, server between 300 w and 600 w, other equipment of the power value can refer to the instruction manual of the device.

Second should know the rated power of UPS said there are two methods: apparent power (VA) and the actual output power (W), because the existence of the reactive power caused the differences, both the conversion relation of: apparent power * power factor = actual output power

The power factor of back-up and online interactive is between 0.5 and 0.7, and the online power factor is usually 0.8.

When the device is paired with UPS, the actual output power of UPS should be matched by the actual output power of UPS, and some dealers may or may not accidentally confuse (VA) with (W), which should be drawn to the user's attention.

What's the difference between the "centralized" and "distributed" approach of UPS?

If you need more devices with UPS, you can use a "centralized" or "distributed" approach; The so-called "centralized", that is, with a relatively high power UPS load all the equipment, if the device far distance between, also need to separate laying wires, large data centers, control centers often in this way, although the convenience of management, but the cost is higher.

"Decentralized" equipped with way is now more popular a kind of way, is according to the need of the equipment respectively equipped with suitable for UPS, such as power protection of a local area network (LAN), can be taken to the server with on-line UPS, UPS is equipped with a backup for each node type, so with lower cost and high reliability.

The advantages and disadvantages of these two modes of power supply are as follows:

Centralized power supply is easy to manage the wiring requirements high reliability and low cost

Decentralized power supply mode is not easy to manage the wiring demand low reliability high cost low

UPS will be equipped with more specialized knowledge, please consult the professional, they will design the reasonable plan for you.

Why should UPS buy a brand name?

UPS the features of the product is the guarantee, for users to UPS is often the last line of defence, to protect the safety of equipment and data compared to other product reliability and quality "is more important for UPS, and only the long-established brand products can have such power.

UPS market in China is very prosperous, the international well-known brands have entered China, basically like from Europe tianjin merlin gerin, powerware, APC, etc., from the United States foreign brands have certain advantages in technology, at the same time, the price is more expensive, the main market share concentration in the high-power UPS market (more than 10 kva); Since the 1990 s, the domestic some good brands in UPS market boom, with the pursuit of better technically and localization of production service advantage, made remarkable achievements, has become the small and medium-sized power UPS force; As the only famous IT vendor with its own brand UPS, the four-way UPS is one of the best.

Domestic foreign brand products are you reliable choice, the difference is that the price performance ratio difference, but like other products, UPS market also is the good and bad are intermingled, there is a lot of the sham as the genuine fake and inferior products, generally, all in the name of sandvik is places such as guangdong, jiangsu and zhejiang underground factory production of counterfeit goods, the characteristics of the UPS is jerry inferior quality low price, quality and service there is no guarantee that with only a low price to attract users, rational user should refuse the temptation of low price, the brand as the primary factor of choose UPS.

What determines the length of the UPS spare time?

Is determined by the energy storage device of UPS, UPS now generally use fully sealed maintenance-free lead-acid battery as energy storage device, the size of the battery capacity by the indicators "Ann hours (AH)", its meaning is conducted in accordance with the provisions of current discharge. The battery of the same voltage, the large capacity of an ampere hour; The battery of the same ampere hour, which is high in voltage, usually indicates the capacity of the battery in terms of voltage and ampere time, such as 12V / 7AH, 12V / 24AH, 12V / 65AH, 12V / 100AH.

A backup UPS typically has a built-in 4AH or 7AH battery, and its spare time is fixed. On-line and on-line interactive UPS has a built-in 7 ah battery standard, there are also outside with large capacity batteries long-acting type, the user can according to the need to implement the standby time and determine how much capacity of the battery.

Accumulator is an important part of UPS, a large proportion of value, and its quality is directly related to the normal use of UPS, so be careful choice of assured quality original battery.

What are the considerations for using UPS?

1) the use of UPS should be well ventilated, which is good for heat dissipation and keeps the environment clean.

Do not carry perceptual load, such as counting machine, fluorescent lamp, air conditioning, etc., lest cause damage.

3) UPS has the highest output load control of about 60%, the highest reliability.

4) UPS with light (such as a 1,000va, 100VA load) could cause the battery's deep discharge.